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extra questions cricket

1.   Who  wrote a novel,’ Tom Brown’s Schooldays.’

2.   Cricket is a batsman’s game. Explain.

Ans : a) Cricket is a batsman’s game.

b) its rules were made to favour ‘Gentlemen’, who did most of the batting.

c) The captain of a cricket team was traditionally a batsman:

 1.      What is Cricket’s connection with a rural past?

Ans:A) The rhythms of village life were slower and cricket’s rules were made before the Industrial Revolution.

B)The size of a cricket ground is a result of its village origins. Cricket was originally played on country commons, so there were no designated boundaries or boundary hits.

C)Cricket’s most important tools are all made of natural, pre-industrial materials. The bat is made of wood as are the stumps and the bails. The ball is made with leather, twine and cork.

2. Why Australian cricketer Dennis Lillee was outlawed by the umpires?

Ans: He tried to play an innings with an aluminium bat.

3.      “The organisation of cricket in England reflected the nature of English society.” Expain.

Ans: A) The rich (amateurs) who played it for two reasons. One, they considered sport a kind of leisure. To play for the pleasure of playing and to show an aristocratic value.

   B) different entrances for them and doing bating only showed discrimination in society.

C) The poor who played it for a living were called professionals. The wages of professionals were paid by patronage or subscription or gate money.

D) The social superiority of the amateur was also the reason the captain of a cricket team was traditionally a batsman, generally Gentlemen.

4. ‘The ‘battle of Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton’. Justify the statement.

Ans; a) Britain’s military success was based on the values taught to schoolboys in its public schools.

b) Team sport like cricket and rugby teaching to  English boys the discipline, the importance of hierarchy, the skills, the codes of honour and the leadership qualities that helped them build and run the British empire.

c) The English ruling class to believe that it was the superior character of its young men, built in boarding schools, playing gentlemanly games like cricket.

5. The cricket became hugely popular in the Caribbean. Why?

Ans; a) Success at cricket became a measure of racial equality and political progress.

b) Political leaders of Caribbean countries like Forbes Burnham and Eric Williams saw in the game a chance for self respect and international standing.

c) When the West Indies won its first Test series against England in 1950, it was celebrated as a national achievement.

6. Why cricket remained a colonial game?

Ans; a) The pre-industrial oddness of cricket made it a hard game to export.

b) It took root only in countries(South Africa, Zimbabwe, Australia, New Zealand, the West Indies and Kenya) that the British conquered and ruled.

c) By local elites who wanted to copy the habits of their colonial masters, as in India.
7. What was Pentangular tournament? Why did Gandhiji condemn it? When did it come to an end?
Ans; a) Pentangular tournament was played by five teams – the Europeans, the Parsis, the Hindus the Muslims and the Rest, which comprised such as the Indian Christians.
b) Gandhiji strongly condemned the Pentangular as a communally divisive competition that was out of place in a time when nationalists were trying to unite India’s diverse population. As it was a colonial tournament, it tied with the Raj.
8.  why it did not become popular in countries of South America?
Ans; a) South American countries were under the influence of American, Spanish and the Portuguese.
 b)  Unlike other games, cricket remained a British colonial game.
c)  The pre-industrial oddness of cricket made it hard game to export. Therefore, it took root only in countries that the British conquered and dominated.
9. How have advances in technology, especially television technology, affected the development of contemporary game of cricket?
Ans; a) Kerry Packer’s innovative ideas helped use television technology to develop the image of cricket as a television sport, a marketable game which could generate huge revenue.
b) Television expanded the audience and broadened the cricket into small towns and villages.
c) One-day International matches got popularity and wide acceptance due to television technology.

story of cricket

                     The Story of Cricket

          About 500 years ago, varieties of stick-and-ball games were played in England

    The word ‘bat’ is an old English word which means stick or club Bats were more or less similar to hockey sticks in shape. In those days, the ball was bowled underarm, and a bent end of the bat  provided the best chance to hit the ball

                                 Unique Nature of Cricket

1.      . Most            Lenthy Game:, a typical game of cricket takes a longer time to finish. A Test Match is played for                               five days and it still ends in a draw. A one-day match takes a whole day to finish.

2.                                                The bat is made of willow which was plenty in England. The stumps and bails are also made of                              wood. The ball is made of cork and leather. This is quite different than the tools of most of the                                  modern sports.

3.                                                         While the length of the pitch is specified (22 yards), the size or shape of the ground is not                                        specified. Cricket grounds can be of different shapes and sizes in its early years, cricket was pl                           played on the commons. The size of the commons land was variable and no boundary was present

                       Evolution of Laws of Cricket:

1.                                    first written ‘Laws of Cricket’ were drawn up in 1744. The height of the stumps, length of the                                      bails, weight of the ball and the length of the pitch were mentioned in those laws                         

2.      (                        MCC) was founded in 1787. The MCC published its first revision of the laws in 1788 

3.                                                      underarm bowling were started, also opened the possibilities for spin and swing bowling. Curved bat                     bat was replaced with the straight bats.

4.      The first             six-seam ball was also created in 1780.

5.                                                          The weight of the ball was limited to between 5.5 to 5.75 ounces.

                  

                              Many important changes in cricket occurred during the nineteenth century

• The rule about wide balls was applied.
• Exact circumference of the ball was specified.
• Protective gears; like pad and helmets became available.
• Boundaries (fours and sixes) were introduced.
• Over-arm bowling became legal.

               

Cricket and Victorian England
Amateurs 1.They played for the pleasure of playing and not for money and it was considered  as their an aristocratic values. 2. There were separate entrances to the ground for the Gentlemen. 3.The captain of the team used to be a batsman, i.e. an amateur. 4.It is the batsman who is given the benefit of doubt by the umpire.	Professional  1.The poor people played cricket for a living and were called the professionals or players. 2. Bowling and fielding were done by the Players. 3.The professionals were paid by patronage or subscription or gate money. 4.In the 1930s that a professional became the captain of the English team for the first time; when Len Hutton became the captain.

                               CRICKET IN INDIA

                         Cricket, Race and Religion

                         1. The first recorded instance of cricket being played in India is from 1721 when it was played by English                   sailors in Cambay.

2. Calc                  calutta Cricket Club was the first Indian club which was established in 1792. 

3.                          The Parsis were the first Indian community to ape the western lifestyle and they were the first to                                      establish an Indian cricket club. They founded the Oriental Cricket Club in Bombay in 1848.    

4. T                   he Hindus and the Muslims also made their own gymkhanas in the 1890s.

Quadrangular Tournament

It was played by four teams, viz. the Europeans, the Parsis, the Hindus and the Muslims and hence was given then name Quadrangular.

Pentagular Tournament.

The fifth team “The Rest”( the Christians, british) included and Pentangular tournaments started.

 Mahatma Gandhi was critical of such a division on communal lines. To counter this division, a rival tournament called National Cricket Championship was started. This Championship had teams made along regional divisions. This Championship is now known as the Ranji Trophy.

 India played the first Test match in 1932.

               De-colonisation and Sport

The ICC was called the Imperial Cricket Council even many years after the end of the colonial period.

 It was renamed as the International Cricket Conference in 1965. It was still dominated by England and Australia.

The name was changed to International Cricket Council in 1989.

India, Pakistan and West Indies boycotted South Africa during this period.

 The non-white cricket playing nations could finally force the English cricket authorities to cancel a South African tour in 1970.

The HQ of the ICC was shifted from London to Dubai in August 2005

Some extra questions poverty chapter

1.       Describe how poverty line is estimated in India.

2.       Discuss the major reasons for poverty in India.

3.       Why do different countries use different poverty lines?

4.       Describe the current government strategy of poverty alleviation.

5.       Name a few states in India where the poverty ratios are high.

6.       Name the Indian states that have experienced a massive decline in their poverty ratios. And how?

7.       Write a short note on the following.

            a)NREGA,    b)NFWP,  c)PMRY,  d)PMGY

8. What poverty line world bank has set up ?